Peptide Technology
Collagen Stimulating Peptide Technology

WHAT IS PEPTIDE?
A peptide is a result from the condensation of two Alpha amino acids. The two alpha amino acids linked together in a dipeptide bond (called a peptide bond).

Amino acids can be covalently bonded together into a polymer by the formation of an amide bond (the peptide bond) between the alpha carboxyl group of one Amino acids and the alpha-amino of the next Amino acids.

A molecule of water is eliminated for each peptide bond formed and the products is called a peptide (e.g. dipeptide below). The portion of the Amino acids left in the peptide is terned an amino acid residue.

The resulting Co (Carboxyl)-NH (Amide Group) linkage is known as peptide bond. Polymer composed of two, three, a few (3~10) and many amino acids residue are known, respectively, dipeptide, tripeptide, oligopeptide and polypeptide. Proteins are molecules that consist of one or more polypeptide chains.

A molecule containing two amino acids joined by a peptide bond is a Dipeptide; one with three amino acids held together by two peptide bonds is a Tripeptide; four is a Tetrapeptide; etc. In general, Peptides contain 12 or fewer amino acid residues. An Oligopeptide contains between 12 and 20 amino acids and a Polypeptide contains greater than 20 amino acids. Twenty appears to be a magic number with respect to peptide/protein structure. Oligopeptides with 20 or fewer amino acids do not fold into, do assume a single low energy conformation, rather they exist in numerous random shapes. Molecules with greater than 20 amino acids very often fold into a single stable conformation, a single low energy conformation. The terms polypeptide and protein are often used interchangeably. However, the term protein is often reserved for molecules that perform some cellular function.

Peptides are chains of amino aid, the ‘Building Blocks' of life, it is naturally occurring sequences of different amino acids. Just as letters in the alphabet make different words, so different amino aids make different
peptides.

COLLAGEN AND AGEING PROCESS
Collagen is the major protein component of the dermis and is made up of two subunits: Collagen I (80% in adults) and Collagen III. Together, these form the fibril system that gives the skin its strength. Any quatitative or qualitative modification of their structure will change the biomechanical properties of skin.

Fibronectin and laminin are structure glycoproteins localized at the junction between the dermis and epidermis, which take part in the cell/matrix interaction.

Fibronectin, as essential component of the temporary matrix during skin repair, is particularly important in the healing process. The deterioration of the mechanical properties of ageing skin is the consequence of atrophy of the structural network of the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) of the dermis. The prevention of skin ageing depends on maintaining the integrity of this matrix.

Based on the structure-activity relationship of growth factors, our Collgen Stimulating Peptide® are homologous with peptides that are physiological precursors of collagen the synthesis, the healing power of which has been demonstrated in man.

The action of Collagen Stimulating Peptide® is due to their capacity to regenerate the extra-cellular matrix, but also is dependent on a chemotactic effect on the endothelial cells and mastocytes and on an action inducing angiogenic polypeptides.

Collagen Stimulating Peptide® is a peptide with no side effects when applied topically, thus a prime choice active ingredient to participate in the regeneration of dermis weakened by age or damage.

Collagen Stimulating Peptide® participates in tissue repair and restarts extra-cellular matrix renewal, thus contributing to the restoration of microinjuries to the skin and the prevention of stretch-marks.

Collagen Stimulating Peptide® regenerates also the skin that has been damaged by ageing or by the environment due to its action on the dermis. The restructuring activity of Collagen Stimulating Peptide makes it an ideal active ingredient for a variety of applications such as Toning care, Anti-age care for face and body, Anti-wrinkle, make-up remover and Anti-stretch mark care.